Monthly Archives: 十二月 2008

The explanation of the large variation in living standard around the world can be summarized in a single word – productivity. Productivity is the quantity of goods and services produced from each unit of labor input. Continue reading →

The consumer price index (CPI) is a measure of overall cost of the goods and services bought by a typical consumer. When the CPI rises, the typical family has to spend more money to maintain the same standard of living. The inflation rate is the percentage change in the price index from the preceding period. When the inflation rate rises, the economy’s overall price level is rising. The producer price index (PPI) measures the cost of a basket of goods and services bought by firms rather than consumers. Because firms eventually pass on their costs to consumers in the form of higher consumer price, changes in the PPI are often thought to be useful in predicting changes in the CPI. Continue reading →

曼昆 – 经济学原理 23 Summary of Chapter 23 – Measuring a Nation’s Income 关键词： gross domestic product ( GDP ): 国内生产总值 consumption: 消费 investment: 投资 government purchases: 政府采购 net exports: 净出口 nominal GDP: 名义GDP real GDP: 实质GDP GDP deflator: GDP紧缩指数 … Continue reading →